The major city shaped by its fascinating history as a trading hub is Istanbul, Turkey. Historically known as Byzantium and later Constantinople, it has served as a critical crossroads between Europe and Asia. Its rich cultural heritage is reflected in its diverse architecture, including Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque. Istanbul has been influenced by various cultures and civilizations throughout its history, making it an essential center for commerce, art, and religion, contributing to its vibrant contemporary identity.