The term for permanent ice that does not melt is permafrost. Found primarily in polar and subpolar regions, permafrost refers to ground that remains frozen for two or more consecutive years. This phenomenon affects ecosystems, construction, and land use in these regions. While it supports unique biological communities, thawing permafrost due to climate change can release greenhouse gases, impacting global warming. Concerning both environmental science and engineering, permafrost is a critical subject in understanding climate patterns and the sustainability of arctic environments.