The smallest island nation in the world is Nauru. Located in the Pacific Ocean, Nauru covers an area of about 21 square kilometers. Despite its small size, it has a rich history and unique culture. Nauru was formerly prosperous due to its phosphate mining, but its economy has since struggled, leading to a reliance on foreign aid. The island nation is known for its beautiful beaches, coral reefs, and diverse marine life. Nauru's population faces challenges related to health and sustainability, making it a focal point for discussions on small island developing states.