The primary resource located in the Middle East is oil. This region contains some of the world's largest oil reserves, making it a critical player in the global energy market. Countries like Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran are among the top producers and exporters of oil. The oil industry significantly contributes to the economic development of these nations, influencing their political dynamics and power structures. The strategic importance of oil has also been a focal point in international relations, drawing attention to the region's geopolitical significance in global politics and economics.