The primary mountain range running down the spine of South America is the Andes Mountains. Stretching over 7,000 kilometers (4,300 miles) from Venezuela in the north to Chile and Argentina in the south, the Andes are the longest continental mountain range in the world. They are known for their diverse ecosystems, rich biodiversity, and significant cultural heritage. The Andes are crucial for the region's climate and water supply, influencing agriculture and habitation. They also attract adventurers and tourists interested in hiking, skiing, and exploring indigenous cultures.