The predominant vegetation in the tundra biome is mosses, lichens, and low shrubs. This cold, treeless region is found in Arctic and Alpine areas, characterized by short growing seasons and harsh climatic conditions. The soil in the tundra is often frozen, known as permafrost, which limits the types of plants that can thrive. Despite its seemingly inhospitable environment, the tundra supports a unique ecosystem with specially adapted species, including migratory birds, caribou, and Arctic foxes, all of which play a vital role in the delicate ecological balance.