The geographical formation created by the convergence of tectonic plates is a mountain range or a trench, depending on the nature of the convergence. When tectonic plates collide, they can push material upwards, forming mountain ranges like the Himalayas. Conversely, when one plate subducts beneath another, it can create deep ocean trenches. Such geological processes are fundamental in shaping Earth's landscapes and can lead to significant seismic activities, including earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.