The country known for the historic Inca Empire is Peru. The Inca Empire was one of the largest empires in pre-Columbian America, flourishing from the early 15th century until Spanish conquest in the 16th century. The empire's famous citadel, Machu Picchu, located in the Andes, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and attracts tourists worldwide. The rich cultural heritage of the Incas continues to influence modern Peru, highlighting its history through archaeological sites and indigenous traditions.