The first president of South Africa elected in a fully democratic election was Nelson Mandela. Elected in 1994, Mandela's presidency marked a transformative era in South African history, following decades of apartheid—a system of institutionalized racial segregation. As a leader of the African National Congress (ANC), Mandela tirelessly fought against apartheid and was imprisoned for 27 years. His release in 1990 was pivotal in negotiating a peaceful transition to democracy. Mandela's presidency focused on reconciliation, nation-building, and socio-economic improvements for all South Africans. He remains a global symbol of peace, justice, and the struggle against oppression, inspiring generations worldwide.