The historical document signed in 1776 is the Declaration of Independence. Drafted primarily by Thomas Jefferson, it was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, marking the thirteen American colonies' decision to declare independence from British rule. The document outlines Enlightenment principles of individual rights and government by consent, articulating the colonies' grievances against King George III and asserting their right to self-governance. The Declaration of Independence is celebrated annually in the United States on Independence Day and remains a foundational text for American democracy, symbolizing freedom and the pursuit of liberty.