Albert Einstein is known as the Father of Modern Physics. His groundbreaking contributions to the field transformed our understanding of time, space, and energy. Einstein is best known for his theory of relativity, which includes the famous equation E=mc², illustrating the relationship between mass and energy. His work challenged classical physics and paved the way for advances in quantum theory and cosmology. Beyond relativity, Einstein made significant contributions to statistical mechanics and the photoelectric effect, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1921. His innovative ideas continue to shape modern physics today.