The structure known as the "Mother of Parliaments" is the Palace of Westminster, which houses the Parliament of the United Kingdom. This iconic building is located in London and is home to the two houses of Parliament: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The phrase "Mother of Parliaments" was popularized by the British politician and reformer John Bright in the 19th century, emphasizing the UK's role in the development of parliamentary democracy worldwide. The Palace of Westminster is also an architectural masterpiece, featuring Gothic Revival design and notable landmarks such as the Big Ben clock tower and the House of Commons chamber.