The scientist known for developing the periodic table is Dmitri Mendeleev. In 1869, Mendeleev created the first widely recognized periodic table, arranging chemical elements in order of increasing atomic weight while also considering their chemical properties. He noticed that elements with similar properties occurred at regular intervals, leading to the concept of periodicity. Mendeleev's table not only organized the known elements of his time but also predicted the existence and properties of undiscovered elements. His work laid the groundwork for future advancements in chemistry and guided scientists in understanding the relationships between different elements.