Sir Isaac Newton developed the laws of motion, which form the foundation of classical mechanics. His three laws—often referred to as Newton's First, Second, and Third Laws of Motion—describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting on it. The laws explain how objects in motion behave, how forces influence movement, and the principle of action and reaction between two objects. Newton’s work, particularly documented in "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica," laid the groundwork for modern physics and influenced scientific thought for centuries.