William Shakespeare is the acclaimed playwright known for his tragic play "Hamlet," which explores themes of revenge, madness, and existential contemplation. Written around 1600, the play is set in Denmark and follows the story of Prince Hamlet, who seeks to avenge his father's murder by his uncle, now king. "Hamlet" is renowned for its complex characters and philosophical depth, featuring famous lines and soliloquies that delve into the human condition, morality, and the struggle between action and inaction. The work remains a significant piece of literature in both English and world drama, frequently studied and performed worldwide.