The planet with the highest number of moons is Saturn. As of my latest knowledge in October 2023, Saturn has 83 confirmed moons, surpassing Jupiter, which has 80. Saturn’s most notable moon, Titan, is larger than the planet Mercury and has a thick atmosphere, making it a subject of great interest for scientists. Saturn’s diverse array of moons ranges in size and characteristics, with some, like Enceladus, known for their water geysers and potential habitability. The continual discovery and research of Saturn's moons enhance our understanding of the dynamics of its complex system.