The most populated country in the world, as of the latest data in 2023, is China. With a population exceeding 1.4 billion people, China has held this title for decades. The country's vast size, diverse economy, and urbanization have contributed to its population growth. However, India is also approaching similar population levels, and projections suggest that it may surpass China in the coming years. Population density varies widely, with urban areas like Shanghai and Beijing being among the most densely populated, while rural areas have much lower population concentrations.