The gas most commonly found in natural gas is methane (CH4). Methane is a hydrocarbon that typically constitutes about 70%–90% of natural gas. It is a colorless, odorless gas that is formed during the decomposition of organic material under high pressure and temperature. Methane is not only a significant energy source but also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, making it a focus of environmental concerns. Other components of natural gas may include ethane, propane, and small amounts of gases such as butane and nitrogen. The extraction and usage of natural gas play a crucial role in energy production and heating.