The famous scientist known for his laws of motion is Sir Isaac Newton. He was an English mathematician, physicist, and astronomer who lived in the 17th century and made groundbreaking contributions to various fields of science. Newton's three laws of motion, outlined in his seminal work "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica," describe the relationships between a body and the forces acting upon it. These laws laid the foundation for classical mechanics and helped explain a wide range of physical phenomena. In addition to his work on motion, Newton also made significant advancements in calculus, optics, and gravitational theory, profoundly impacting modern science.