The basis for organic chemistry is carbon. Organic chemistry primarily studies compounds that contain carbon atoms in covalent bonding with other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. Carbon's unique ability to form four covalent bonds allows for a vast diversity of molecular structures, which is essential for the complexity of biological processes. Understanding carbon chemistry is central to studies in biochemistry, pharmaceuticals, and environmental sciences, highlighting its significance in both nature and industry. This versatility makes organic chemistry a critical field in science and technology today.