The English Channel is the body of water that separates the United Kingdom from mainland Europe. It stretches approximately 21 miles (34 kilometers) at its narrowest point between Dover in England and Calais in France. The Channel has significant historical importance, serving as a crucial route for trade and military movements throughout history. It is also known for its strong currents and rich maritime wildlife. The Channel Tunnel, which connects the UK and France by rail, runs beneath the English Channel, enhancing economic and cultural ties between the two regions.