The ancient civilization known for its pyramids is the Egyptian civilization, particularly during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods. The most famous pyramids, including the Great Pyramid of Giza, were built as monumental tombs for pharaohs and are renowned for their architectural grandeur and alignment with celestial bodies. These structures served not only as burial sites but also as testament to the pharaohs' power and as a means of ensuring a successful afterlife. The pyramids symbolize the advanced engineering skills and religious beliefs of the ancient Egyptians, making them one of the most iconic and studied aspects of ancient history.