The vitamin responsible for calcium absorption in the body is vitamin D. It plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy bones by facilitating the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are essential minerals for bone health. Vitamin D can be obtained through diet, particularly from fatty fish, fortified foods, and dairy products, as well as through skin synthesis when exposed to sunlight. Deficiency in vitamin D can result in compromised bone strength and development, leading to conditions such as rickets in children and osteomalacia or osteoporosis in adults. Hence, ensuring adequate vitamin D intake is vital for bone health.