The type of animal known for its hump is the camel, specifically species like the Dromedary and Bactrian camels. Camels are often called the "ships of the desert" due to their unique adaptation to arid environments. The hump is primarily composed of fat, which serves as an energy reserve during times when food is scarce, allowing camels to travel long distances without needing to eat. Camels are also equipped with other adaptations, such as the ability to conserve water and regulate their body temperature, making them exceptionally suited to desert life.