The phenomenon that causes tides in the ocean is primarily driven by the gravitational forces exerted by the moon and the sun. As these celestial bodies influence the Earth's gravitational pull, they create bulges in the water, resulting in high and low tides. The moon has a more significant impact due to its proximity to Earth, causing the water to rise and fall in predictable cycles. Additionally, the Earth's rotation plays a role, leading to the rhythmic rise and fall of sea levels typically occurring twice daily. Factors such as coastal geography and weather may also affect tidal patterns.