The natural phenomenon measured on the Beaufort scale is wind speed. The Beaufort scale, developed by Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort in 1805, categorizes wind strength based on observed conditions at sea or on land. Ranging from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane), the scale provides descriptions that help visualize how the wind affects the environment, including the behavior of trees, waves, and ships. This scale is significant for meteorology and navigation, offering a standardized way to communicate wind conditions and improve safety for maritime and aviation operations.