The mathematical function that tells you how far a point is from the origin in a coordinate system is called the "distance formula." In a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the distance \(d\) between a point \((x, y)\) and the origin \((0, 0)\) is calculated using the formula: \(d = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2}\). This formula is derived from the Pythagorean theorem and provides a way to quantify the spatial relationship between points. It is widely used in geometry and various applications across mathematics and physics.