The world's longest mountain range is the Andes. Stretching over 4,300 miles (about 7,000 kilometers) along the western coast of South America, the Andes span seven countries: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. This extensive range features diverse ecosystems, ranging from tropical rainforests to high-altitude tundras. The Andes are not only crucial for their rich biodiversity but also for their cultural significance, as they are home to many indigenous peoples and historical sites, including the ancient Inca Empire.