The term for the study of earthquakes is seismology. This scientific discipline involves the analysis of seismic waves produced by earthquakes to understand their causes, mechanisms, and effects. Seismologists use specialized instruments, like seismographs, to detect and record these waves, enabling them to assess the magnitude and location of earthquakes. Seismology plays a crucial role in earthquake preparedness, helping to develop early warning systems and improve building codes to minimize damage and enhance public safety.