The term for the spread of plants across the Earth is plant dispersal. This process is crucial for the survival and propagation of plant species, allowing them to colonize new areas, adapt to different environments, and maintain genetic diversity. Plants can disperse via various methods, including wind, water, and animals. For instance, seeds can be carried by the wind or ingested and excreted by animals, enabling them to germinate in new locations. Understanding plant dispersal mechanisms helps ecologists and conservationists manage ecosystems and preserve biodiversity.