The term for the science of classification in biology is taxonomy. Taxonomy is the systematic classification of living organisms based on their natural relationships, enabling scientists to organize and categorize the immense diversity of life. This field involves the identification, naming (nomenclature), and classification of organisms into hierarchical groups such as domains, kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species. Taxonomy is crucial for understanding evolutionary relationships, facilitating communication about species, and conducting research in ecology, conservation, and biodiversity. It lays the groundwork for many other biological disciplines.