The term for the process of converting sunlight into energy in plants is photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants, algae, and some bacteria capture sunlight using chlorophyll, a green pigment found in their cells. This energy conversion takes place primarily in the chloroplasts of plant cells. The process transforms carbon dioxide and water into glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen. This not only serves as the primary energy source for the plant itself but also contributes to the oxygen supply in the atmosphere, making photosynthesis a vital process for life on Earth and essential for ecosystems and the food chain.