The term for the movement of people into a new area is called immigration. Immigration occurs when individuals or groups relocate from their country of origin to a different country for various reasons, such as seeking better economic opportunities, education, family reunification, or escaping conflict and persecution. Immigration can significantly impact both the host country and the immigrants, contributing to cultural diversity and economic growth but often presenting challenges like integration and social cohesion. Historical and contemporary trends in immigration reflect economic conditions, political climates, and global events that shape migration patterns.