The term for changes in the environment over time is "environmental change." This concept encompasses various alterations in natural and human systems affecting ecosystems, climates, and landscapes. Environmental changes can occur at different scales and can be caused by natural phenomena, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and climate shifts, as well as human activities like deforestation, pollution, and urbanization. Understanding environmental change is crucial for addressing issues like climate change, biodiversity loss, and habitat degradation. By studying these changes, scientists aim to develop strategies for conservation and sustainable management of natural resources.