The study of volcanoes is called "volcanology." This branch of geology focuses on understanding the formation, eruption mechanisms, distribution, and eruption products of volcanoes. Volcanologists study both active and dormant volcanoes to assess potential hazards and risks associated with volcanic activity. They examine volcanic rocks, gases, and the patterns of eruptions to better predict future events. Understanding volcanology is crucial for disaster preparedness and mitigation, especially for communities living near volcanoes, as eruptions can lead to significant loss of life and property if not properly monitored and managed.