The study of rocks is known as geology. Geology encompasses the examination of Earth's solid materials, including rocks, minerals, and the processes that shape the planet over time. This branch of science explores the formation, composition, and distribution of rocks, helping to understand Earth's history and the mechanisms behind natural phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the structure of the Earth's crust. Geologists also investigate the environmental impact of human activities and contribute to resource management. Through fieldwork and laboratory analysis, geologists play a crucial role in comprehending both the planet's past and its future.