The structure that encases the brain is called the skull. The skull is a bony framework that protects the brain from injury and provides structure to the head. It consists of two main parts: the cranial bones, which form the protective case around the brain, and the facial bones, which support the face's structure. The skull also houses various cavities and openings for sensory organs, nerves, and blood vessels. In addition to its protective role, the skull plays a critical part in supporting the overall shape and function of the human head, contributing to essential processes such as eating and communication.