The second largest continent is Africa. Covering approximately 30.37 million square kilometers (11.7 million square miles), Africa is surpassed in size only by Asia. The continent is renowned for its rich cultural diversity, with over 1,500 languages spoken and various ethnic groups and traditions. Africa is home to numerous geographical features, including deserts, savannas, mountains, and rivers, as well as a diverse array of wildlife, such as elephants, lions, and gorillas. It has a complex history influenced by colonialism, trade, and globalization, and it continues to play a vital role in global affairs and economic development.