The scientific term for the process of breathing is "respiration." This biological process involves the exchange of gases, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide, between living organisms and their environment. In humans and many animals, respiration occurs through air inhalation into the lungs, where oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide via the alveoli. The oxygen then enters the bloodstream, while carbon dioxide is expelled during exhalation. This essential process supports cellular metabolism, enabling organisms to produce the energy needed for life functions.