The scientific study of fungi is called Mycology. This branch of biology explores the diverse world of fungi, including their genetic structure, ecology, and the roles they play in various ecosystems. Mycology encompasses a wide range of organisms, such as mushrooms, molds, and yeast, each with unique characteristics and functions. Fungi are vital for decomposing organic matter, facilitating nutrient cycling, and forming symbiotic relationships with plants through mycorrhizal networks. Understanding fungal biology is essential for applications in medicine, agriculture, and environmental science, as well as for fungal conservation efforts.