The scientific name for the process of photosynthesis is "photosynthesis" itself, which refers to the conversion of light energy into chemical energy by plants, algae, and certain bacteria. During photosynthesis, these organisms harness sunlight to transform carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using the green pigment chlorophyll found in their cells. This process is vital for producing energy-rich compounds that serve as food for the organism and, indirectly, for all life on Earth. Photosynthesis plays a critical role in regulating atmospheric oxygen levels and is essential for maintaining ecological balance, supporting both flora and fauna in various ecosystems.