The scientific name for the domestic cat is Felis catus. This species belongs to the family Felidae and is characterized by its small size, retractable claws, and acute senses. Domestic cats are believed to have been domesticated around 9,000 years ago, likely for their hunting abilities to control rodent populations. Today, they are popular pets known for their companionship and playful behavior. Felis catus is known for its diversity in breeds, colors, and personality traits, making them adaptable to various living environments and human lifestyles.