The scientific name for the common potato is *Solanum tuberosum*. This plant belongs to the nightshade family, Solanaceae, and is native to the Andean region of South America. Potatoes are one of the world's most important food crops, cultivated for their starchy tubers. They are rich in carbohydrates and provide essential nutrients, making them a staple food in many countries. The domestication of the potato significantly contributed to agricultural practices and dietary habits worldwide, leading to its spread and introduction into various cuisines across different cultures.