The process of water vapor turning into liquid is called condensation. This occurs when water vapor cools and loses energy, leading to the formation of small water droplets. These droplets can coalesce to form clouds, dew, or precipitation, depending on the conditions. Condensation is essential in the water cycle, contributing to weather patterns and helping to maintain humidity levels in the atmosphere. It plays a critical role in various scientific and environmental processes, including climate change and ecosystem health.