The process of converting sunlight into energy in plants is known as photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants utilize chlorophyll, the green pigment in their leaves, to capture sunlight. This energy is then used to convert carbon dioxide from the air and water absorbed by the roots into glucose, a type of sugar that serves as food for the plant. Oxygen is produced as a byproduct and released into the atmosphere. This critical process not only sustains the plant but also supports life on Earth by maintaining the oxygen levels in the atmosphere and forming the base of the food chain.