The process of converting a gas to a liquid is called condensation. This phase change occurs when gas molecules lose energy and come closer together, forming intermolecular attractions that transition the gas into the liquid state. Condensation is a crucial part of the water cycle, where water vapor in the atmosphere cools down and forms clouds before precipitating as rain. It is also utilized in various industrial applications, such as in the production of distilled spirits, refrigeration, and air conditioning systems, where it helps regulate temperature and humidity levels.