The process when a caterpillar turns into a butterfly is called metamorphosis. This complex transformation involves several stages, beginning with the caterpillar (larval stage) feeding and growing. After reaching a certain size, the caterpillar forms a protective casing called a chrysalis or pupa. Inside this shell, the caterpillar undergoes significant changes, where its cells reorganize to form the structures of a butterfly. After a period of time, the adult butterfly emerges from the chrysalis, showcasing its colorful wings, ready to lead an aerial life.