The process by which animals adapt to their environment is called adaptation. This evolutionary process involves changes in the traits of populations over time, allowing species to better survive and reproduce in their specific habitats. Adaptations can be structural, such as changes in body shape or size, behavioral, like migratory patterns, or physiological, including metabolic adjustments. Natural selection drives this process, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and pass those traits on to future generations. Adaptation is crucial for species resilience in response to environmental pressures and changes.