The primary role of the thyroid gland in the body is to regulate metabolism through the production of thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Located in the neck, this butterfly-shaped gland plays a crucial role in managing various bodily functions, including heart rate, temperature regulation, and energy levels. Thyroid hormones influence how the body uses energy derived from food and impact growth and development. An imbalance in thyroid hormone production can lead to conditions such as hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), both of which can have significant health implications.