The primary material used in glass production is silica sand (silicon dioxide). Silica sand is abundant and serves as the main ingredient, providing the structural basis for glass when it is melted and formed. Other materials, including soda ash and limestone, are often added to lower the melting point and enhance the glass’s properties. The process typically involves heating silica sand to high temperatures until it melts, allowing it to be shaped into various forms. This versatility makes glass a fundamental material in a wide range of applications, from windows and bottles to optical fibers and electronics.